Activity Based Teaching

In learning activities at school, teachers should see to it that students can make observations that effective learning outcomes in order to obtain their best. In teaching, should provide the opportunity for students to make observations best. Some things you can do the teachers to help students do well in learning observations are as follows:
l. Observations will be more effective to stimuli that have a clear structure and shape. Therefore, things will be learned and should have a clear organizational structure.
2. Observations close to something that will be more memorable. Therefore, students are given many opportunities to get closer to the things that will be studied.
3. The observation is influenced by previous experience. Therefore, when teachers teach, we recommend starting with the experiences of students.
4. Observations began with the whole, only then to the parts. Therefore, in providing materials that will be taught, should be started with the whole, only then to the parts that more special.
5. Observations of individual development is influenced by the ratings. Therefore, teaching should be adjusted to the rank of individual development, especially ratings of cognitive development.
6. There are individual differences in the observations. Each individual has different styles of observation (no visual style, auditif, tactile, and kinesthetic). Therefore, the teaching style should be tailored to each student observations ¬ respectively.
Several factors can cause the occurrence of errors or abnormal observations, such as the stimulation is less clear, lack of attention to students, the experience of the past, unfavorable sensing devices, environmentally disruptive, and so forth.
According Hamalik (2001) stated that effective teaching is teaching that provides the opportunity to learn themselves or do their own activities. In today's advancement principle methodology will find more activities through a program unit of activity, so that student learning becomes the basis for achieving goals and learning outcomes are more adequate.
There are several types of activities delivered by experts, including: (1) visual activities, (2) oral activities (oral), (3) listening, (4) write, (5) drawing, (6) metrics , (7) mental, and (8) emotional. The description of the various activities are as follows:

1. Visual activities
Read, see pictures, observing experiments, demonstrations, exhibitions, and watching other people work or play.

2. Oral activities
Put forward a fact or principle, linking an event, ask questions, give advice, suggest polls, interviews, discussions, and interruptions.

3. Listening activities
Listen to the presentation of the material, listening to a conversation or discussion groups, listen to a game, and listen to the radio .

4. Writing Activities
Write stories, write reports, check writing, coffee ingredients, making summaries, take tests, and filling in questionnaires.

5. Drawing activities
Drawing, making graphs, charts, diagrams maps, and patterns.

6. Metric activities
To conduct the experiment, selecting tools, carrying out exhibitions, made models, organized games, dancing, and gardening.

7. Mental activities
Reflect, remember, solve problems, analyze, these factors, see, relationships, and make decisions.
8. Emotional activities
Interests, differentiate, brave, calm, and so ¬ other. The activities within this group there are in all kinds of activities and overlap one another.

Of the several kinds of activity shows that in the teaching activities, student activity is necessary in fulfilling the objectives of teaching. So in an activity of teaching, student activities must be adapted to teaching materials submitted by the teacher or the issues being discussed.

D. Social Knowledge Learning
Social studies curriculum needs to provide learning experiences that help students meet personal, social, environmental and economic. Experiential learning in Social Studies curriculum helps students to: (1) undergo daily life effectively, (2) to understand his world and the things that influence it, (3) take advantage of the opportunity to develop creative thinking skills, flexible, and innovative, ( 4) develop an understanding of the concepts of Social Sciences, (5) assessing and using technology products, (6) understand that a career in the Social Sciences and technologies suitable for both men and women, (7) make judgments about issues related to environmental natural and artificial, (8) is responsible for improving environmental quality, (9) gives the solution to moral dilemmas in relation to issues of Social Sciences and technology, and (10) to prepare themselves for study at more advanced levels.
Social studies curriculum must provide learning experiences that involve students in processes and products in the Social Sciences and technology. The approach used in the curriculum is expected to encourage students to become active learners and flexible. In particular, this approach will: (a) must consider the individual differences of students, (2) providing equal opportunities to all students to learn the essential concepts, (3) equip students with skills to understand the world through investigations, and (4) equip students with good skills to select appropriate tools and materials needed.